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Pay gaps among less educated workers are ‘striking’
Young Asian and white men without college education are paid more—sometimes far more—than both Black men and women of all racial groups, according to a new study.
The study finds that young Black men with no college education earn barely half of what their Asian American and white counterparts make. Latinx, Asian, and Black women lag even further.
“…rather than wasting time blaming workers’ choices or attitudes, we might get further by identifying discriminatory labor market processes.”
“Earnings are an important factor to study because they’re related to other outcomes, like health, engagement with the criminal justice system and family development,” says study leader Byeongdon Oh, a postdoctoral researcher in the University of California, Berkeley’s Social Sciences D-Lab. “So we focus on the non-college population at an early age. They are already disadvantaged economically—they have very low earnings. If there’s a sizable racial or ethnic earnings disparity in this population, there may be severe consequences.”
The study appears in the journal Sociology of Race and Ethnicity. It provides the first detailed look at the earnings of young adults with no college experience as their working lives take shape.
In recent years, about one-third of young Americans have stopped their education after high school. That projects to roughly 1 million less-educated young people every year entering a job market that increasingly requires advanced education and training to earn even a middle-class salary. Latinx and Black people are over-represented in this group.
To understand their experience, Oh and colleagues Daniel Mackin Freeman and Dara Shifrer from Portland State University studied data from the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009, tracing racial and ethnic earnings disparities among men and women who had never attended college. In 2016, they were in their early 20s.
“Striking” was the word the authors used to describe the earnings gaps revealed in the core data:
- Young Asian American men with no college education earned an average of $24,837 in 2016, followed by white men at $22,056 and Latinx men at $17,984. Young Black men averaged just $12,573—barely half the wages earned by Asian Americans and whites.
- A similar, but less severe, disparity was evident among young women with no college experience. White women on average earned $14,766, followed by Latinx women at $12,465, Asian American women at $10,935, and Black women at $10,871.
- The gap between these women and men was vast, with young Black women on average earning only 44 cents for every dollar earned by Asian American men with similar levels of education.
How to explain these racial and gender gaps in earning?
Oh says the data did not allow the researchers to determine the causes. They did find, however, that a range of possible factors—from family background and home location to high school grades and criminal records—rarely account for the earnings gaps.
But, he explains, racial discrimination in the workforce cannot be ruled out as the cause.
Oh suggests that complex social and economic factors may sort people of color into lower-paying job sectors, but the estimated earnings gaps among groups of people in the same occupation are still dramatic. These earning disparities, he says, may reflect employer bias against women and Black men.
The findings “suggest that, like their more educated counterparts, young non-college-educated women may face pernicious earnings discrimination in the labor market, regardless of their race/ethnicity,” the authors write.
They add: “The results may indicate that employers devalue the work of young Black men without a college education to a greater degree than they do the work of white, Latinx, and Asian men without a college education.”
According to Oh, the pay disparity between Asian and white men on one side and Black men on the other may actually be worse than the data suggest. A disproportionate number of young men who did not go to college are Black. A disproportionate number of young Black men have been incarcerated, he explains, and incarcerated men were not tracked in the survey data.
“And so our findings on the earnings gap are conservative—it may be larger,” he says.
The new study opens up a range of new questions for Oh and other researchers. Understanding the experience of the young workers would require more targeted surveys and in-person interviews. Those would allow the researchers to understand whether discrimination is to blame, and if so, how it works, Oh says.
“I hope the contribution of our research is to make people ask why we have these striking earnings gaps,” he says. “Then, rather than wasting time blaming workers’ choices or attitudes, we might get further by identifying discriminatory labor market processes.”
Source: UC Berkeley
Nick Jonas' wife Priyanka Chopra describes premature daughter's time in NICU
Priyanka Chopra is looking back on the first year of her baby daughter’s life, admitting she and her husband Nick Jonas didn’t know if Malti would “make it” while they kept vigil over her in the neonatal intensive care unit for three months.
“I’ve been really protective of this chapter of my life with my daughter. Because it’s not about my life only. It’s hers too,” Chopra told British Vogue for its February issue. The article was published just after her daughter’s first birthday.
Chopra and Jonas’ daughter was born on Jan. 15 last year via a surrogate a full trimester prematurely.
“I was in the OR [operating room] when she came out,” the “Quantico” actress told Vogue during an interview at her house while playing with Malti. “She was so small, smaller than my hand. I saw what the intensive-care nurses do. They do God’s work. Nick and I were both standing there as they intubated her. I don’t know how they even found what they needed [in her tiny body] to intubate her.”
PRIYANKA CHOPRA SHARES ADORABLE NEW PHOTOS OF BABY MALTI
![Priyanka Chopra and Nick Jonas' baby was born a full trimester prematurely but is now "healthy and thriving."](https://my.grillocom.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/priyanka-chopra-and-baby.jpg?ve=1&tl=1)
Priyanka Chopra and Nick Jonas’ baby was born a full trimester prematurely but is now “healthy and thriving.”
(Priyanka Chopra/Instagram)
She said for the next three months they spent every day with Malti on her or his chest before they were able to bring her home.
“I didn’t know if she would make it or not,” she explained.
Malti is now “healthy and thriving,” Chopra celebrated, but said as a “NICU mom” she still struggles to shed those worries about her daughter’s health.
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“The first time she had a solid morsel [of food] she gagged and I thought I’d killed her,” she said, adding that her mother and in-laws have been extremely supportive with the baby, explaining that things like that are normal in babies.
“But because I’m a NICU mommy, the stakes are so high,” she said “And I have to shed that. I will.”
![Priyanka Chopra and Nick Jonas share 1-year-old baby Malti.](https://my.grillocom.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Priyanka_Chopra_Nick_Jonas_2.jpg?ve=1&tl=1)
Priyanka Chopra and Nick Jonas share 1-year-old baby Malti.
Jonas, who joined the interview, called fatherhood “overwhelming” but said there’s “nothing better.”
A recent appearance on Kelly Clarkson’s show, Jonas said he and his wife had a party for Malti.
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“We had to celebrate,” he said. “She went through a pretty wild journey in the early part of her life, so we had to celebrate in style. She’s one. She’s beautiful. It’s amazing — the best.”
5 Memphis officers fired after death of man who was hospitalized after his arrest
CNN
—
The Memphis Police Department has terminated five police officers in connection with the death of Tyre Nichols, who passed away in a hospital after being arrested by police earlier this month, according to a post from the department’s verified Twitter account.
“The egregious nature of this incident is not a reflection of the good work our officers perform, with integrity every day,” Police chief Cerleyn “CJ” Davis said in a statement.
Investigators working on an internal review of the arrest found the officers violated policies for use of force, duty to intervene and duty to render aid, the chief said.
Nichols’ family voiced its approval of the terminations, according to a statement from their attorneys.
“We join Tyre’s family in supporting the Department’s decision to terminate the five officers who brutalized him, ultimately causing his death. This is the first step towards achieving justice for Tyre and his family,” attorneys Ben Crump and Antonio Romanucci said. “They must also be held accountable for robbing this man of his life and his son of a father.”
The Tennessee Bureau of Investigation is looking into whether the officers’ actions were criminal in nature.
“Due to the ongoing criminal investigation, the Memphis Police Association will not comment on the termination of officers in the Tyre Nichols case,” the union representing the officers said. “The citizens of Memphis, and more importantly, the family of Mr. Nichols deserve to know the complete account of the events leading up to his death and what may have contributed to it.”
Also, the Department of Justice and FBI have opened a civil rights investigation.
On January 8, the police department announced officers pulled over a motorist for reckless driving the previous day. “As officers approached the driver of the vehicle, a confrontation occurred and the suspect fled the scene on foot,” officials said in a statement posted on social media.
Officers pursued the suspect and again attempted to take him into custody when another confrontation occurred before the suspect was apprehended, according to police.
“Afterward, the suspect complained of having a shortness of breath, at which time an ambulance was called to the scene. The suspect was transported to St. Francis Hospital in critical condition,” officials said.
The man, identified as Nichols, died a few days later, according to the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation.
Details about the injuries Nichols suffered or his cause of death have not been released. CNN has reached out to the Shelby County coroner.
On Tuesday, city officials said the video record by the officers’ body-worn cameras will be released publicly after the police department’s internal investigation ends and after the family is given a chance to review the recordings.
Crump said Friday the family will get a chance to see the footage “in the coming days.” He and the family have planned a news conference for Monday afternoon.
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Toddlers go out of their way to help dogs
Toddlers will go out of their way to help dogs, especially pups struggling to access out-of-reach treats and toys, according to new research.
The finding shows that young children notice and understand dogs’ goals, using that knowledge to help them.
“It’s been known for a long time that toddlers will go out of their way to help struggling humans, even strangers,” says Henry Wellman, professor emeritus of psychology at the University of Michigan.
“But perhaps such altruism is specially evolved for and targeted toward other humans (who after all might help them back). But no, it applies to other animals too, like dogs they will never see again.”
Wellman and colleagues conducted experiments with three dogs—Fiona, Henry, and Seymour—at the University of Michigan’s child laboratory between 2015 and 2020 to determine if young children spontaneously helped a pet.
The researchers studied 97 children (51 girls and 46 boys) ages 2 and 3 years, 44 of whom had dogs as pets. In the lab, the children met one of the friendly dogs in an enclosed baby gate fence while a treat or toy was placed outside it. Dogs reacted naturally, either showing interest (either pawing or begging) in accessing the item or ignoring it.
Children provided dogs with out-of-reach items 50% of the time when dogs showed interest rather than ignored items, indicating sensitivity to the dog’s goals, the study shows.
In addition, children who lived with pet dogs were more likely to provide items to the pups in the experiment if two scenarios were present: the dogs were lively and engaged rather than subdued, and if the item was a treat rather than a toy.
“These findings lend support to our hypothesis that children’s early-developing proclivities for goal-reading and prosociality extend beyond humans to other animals,” says lead author and alumna Rachna Reddy, who is now a postdoctoral fellow in evolutionary anthropology at Duke University.
The researchers believe children’s willingness to help goes beyond dogs; it likely extends to cats, birds, horses, pigs, ducks, sheep, and more. But demonstrating that will take future research, Wellman says.
The study appears in the journal Human-Animal Interactions.
Source: University of Michigan
Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot suggests street vendors ditch cash to combat crime
Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot said that street vendors in an area seeing an increased number of robberies should consider not using cash to conduct transactions.
Lightfoot made the comment during a mayoral debate hosted by ABC7 Chicago on Thursday night.
“I heard a lot of rhetoric here, a lot of soundbites, but not a lot of concrete solutions on how we get the job done and make our residents and our workers safe. We’re doing it every single day,” Lightfoot said. “We have been in Little Village working with those street vendors, understanding what the nature of the crime is, making sure that we’re doing things in concert with them to help them, to make sure that their money is secure. Not use money, if at all possible, using other forms of transactions to carry themselves.”
The Chicago mayor said that street vendors in Little Village can protect themselves by not using cash in transactions.
MAN WITH DISABILITIES SHOT IN THE HEAD WAITING FOR CHICAGO BUS: POLICE
![Lori Lightfoot, mayor of Chicago, speaks during a news conference in Chicago, Illinois, US, on Thursday, Oct. 27, 2022.](https://my.grillocom.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/GettyImages-1244277494.jpg?ve=1&tl=1)
Lori Lightfoot, mayor of Chicago, speaks during a news conference in Chicago, Illinois, US, on Thursday, Oct. 27, 2022.
(Christopher Dilts/Bloomberg via Getty Images)
“We’ve been in Little Village working with those vendors hand and glove to make sure that they are doing things that they can do to protect themselves like not using cash, making sure that the cash that they do take in is secure,” Lightfoot added.
In the 10th police district, where Chicago’s Little Village neighborhood is located, there has been a 13% increase in robberies in 2022 when compared to 2021, with 477 robberies taking place in 2022, according to public data.
So far in 2023, robberies in the 10th district are already up by 114% when compared to the same time in 2022 with 30 robberies taking place this year.
Citywide, while the number of shootings decreased by 20% in 2022 versus 2021, violent crime as a whole increased by 41%.
In 2022, there were 8,996 reports of robberies versus 7,911 in 2021.
![Mayor Lori Lightfoot introduces Jazmine Sullivan during 2022 Lollapalooza day one at Grant Park on July 28, 2022 in Chicago, Illinois](https://my.grillocom.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Untitled-design-41.png?ve=1&tl=1)
Mayor Lori Lightfoot introduces Jazmine Sullivan during 2022 Lollapalooza day one at Grant Park on July 28, 2022 in Chicago, Illinois
(Tim Mosenfelder/Getty Images)
The city’s crime crisis has even forced the CEO of McDonald’s to speak out during a speech at the Economic Club of Chicago in September.
“Everywhere I go, I’m confronted by the same question,” Chris Kempczinski said. “‘What’s going on in Chicago?’ There is a general sense out there that our city is in crisis.”
LORI LIGHTFOOT CONTINUES TO GASLIGHT ITS CITIZENS, NEW AD IS ‘RIDICULOUS’: GIANNO CALDWELL
![Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot proposes her 2022 budget.](https://my.grillocom.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/lorilightfoot-chicago-police-wounded-officer.jpg?ve=1&tl=1)
Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot proposes her 2022 budget.
(Terrence Antonio James/Chicago Tribune)
The McDonald’s CEO said that people need to “face facts” and acknowledge that companies are leaving Chicago in part due to the rising crime in the city.
After Kempczinski made his comments, Lightfoot fired back, saying that he needs to “educate himself.”
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“I think what would have been helpful is for the McDonald’s CEO to educate himself before he spoke,” Lightfoot said.
Fox News’ Bradford Betz contributed to this report.
Former Walmart employee who was fired last year targeted specific people in shooting, police say
CNN
—
At least one person was wounded in a shooting at a Walmart in Evansville, Indiana, on Thursday night, with the suspected gunman later shot and killed by responding law enforcement, according to the Evansville Police Department.
Police identified the suspect as 25-year-old Ronald Ray Mosley II, who was fired from Walmart in May, according to police spokesperson Sgt. Anna Gray said in a Friday afternoon news conference.
Mosley was fired after being arrested for multiple battery charges against other employees, Gray said.
He left a suicide note at his house on Thursday night, Police Chief Billy Bolin said.
Mosley had regularly attended mental health court hearings after being arrested on battery charges, Vanderburgh County Prosecuting Attorney Diana Moers said in Friday’s news conference.
Individuals who are admitted to a mental health court participate in a supervised treatment plan with regular reviews of progress hearings, according to an Indiana state website.
Mosley attended mental health court nearly every two weeks and had attended a hearing on Thursday afternoon related to the battery cases, Moers said.
Police first heard reports of a shooting at 9:59 p.m., Gray said at a news conference late Thursday night.
The shooting started after Mosley went into a break room in the back of the store when a meeting was about to begin, Bolin said Friday. Roughly 40 shoppers were in the store at the time, police said.
![Emergency responders work the scene of a shooting at the West Side Walmart located in Evansville, Indiana, on Jan. 20, 2023.](https://my.grillocom.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/230120030008-02-indiana-walmart-shooting-012023.jpg?c=16x9&q=h_270,w_480,c_fill)
“He told everybody to line up against the wall, he had a gun in his hand, and he told two of them to stay in the middle. He ends up shooting a female at this point,” the chief added. The woman was shot in the face and is still being treated at a hospital in stable condition, according to police.
Bolin said there was another male in the room that was also an “intended target” but he took off running during the shooting. Authorities did not identify the man and woman that the shooter pointed out nor their relationship to Mosley.
When officers arrived, they encountered the suspect who fired multiple times at officers, Gray said. Officers fired back, killing the suspect.
No officers were injured during the encounter with the suspect.
During Friday’s news conference, Bolin called the store’s team lead a hero.
He said that when the shooter began firing, the shift lead “took off out the door and she ran and called 911.”
The team lead later ran back into the break room after seeing the suspect leave the area and helped the wounded woman go into another room and hide.
The investigation remains ongoing, police said.
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Georgia couple accused of sexually abusing adopted boys, husband bragged about molesting son: report
A Georgia couple is being accused of sexually abusing their adopted children and using them to produce “homemade” child pornography, prosecutors allege, according to a new report.
Zachary Zulock and William Zulock were arrested on July 27 in Oxford, Georgia, after police raided their home and found video evidence that they were “engaging in sexually abusive acts” with the adopted children.
The couple is now facing a grand jury indictment under charges of felony sexual exploitation of children, aggravated child molestation, felony prostitution of a minor, aggravated sodomy, and incest, amounting to possibly nine life sentences, according to court documents obtained by Townhall.
Both men have pleaded not guilty. Their attorney did not immediately respond to Fox News Digital.
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![Zachary Zulock and William Zulock were arrested on July 27 in Oxford, Georgia, after police raided their home and found video evidence that they were "engaging in sexually abusive acts" with the adopted children.](https://my.grillocom.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Untitled-design-403.png?ve=1&tl=1)
Zachary Zulock and William Zulock were arrested on July 27 in Oxford, Georgia, after police raided their home and found video evidence that they were “engaging in sexually abusive acts” with the adopted children.
(Walton County Sheriff’s Office)
According to the indictment, the boys, both in third and fourth grade at the time of the arrest, were sexually abused by the couple who anally raped the minors in addition to performing oral sex on them. The indictment also alleges that the couple forced the boys to perform oral sex on them, and in on case, the older sibling was injured due to the anal rape.
The documents state that the Zulock’s sexual abuse of the children dates back to potentially 2019. According to the report, the boys were adopted in November 2018 when the couple went through a now-shut down Christian adoption agency focusing on special-needs children in Watkinsville, Georgia, called All God’s Children, Inc.
William Zulock allegedly admitted to forcing the couple’s 11-year-old adopted son to “perform an act of sodomy – oral capitulation” with the “intent to satisfy his own..sexual desire,” police wrote in an affidavit obtained by Townhall.
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![William Zulock and Zachary Zulock pictured at a wedding.](https://my.grillocom.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Untitled-design-401.png?ve=1&tl=1)
William Zulock and Zachary Zulock pictured at a wedding.
(Zachary Zulock/Instagram)
In a press release posted to Facebook when the couple was first arrested, police said that they were tipped off after a Georgia Bureau of Investigation detective received information about someone who “may have been downloading child sexual abuse material.” After an investigation and interview with the suspect, police found that there was a secondary suspect who “was producing homemade child sexual abuse material with at least one adopted child who lived in the home with the perpetrator.”
Another affidavit states that Zachary Zulock filmed his husband, William Zulock, performing acts of sexual abuse on the child. Zachary is accused of also being “engaged in sexually abusive acts” on the boy as well, the affidavit states.
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![Zachary Zulock and William Zulock at a wedding.](https://my.grillocom.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Untitled-design-400.png?ve=1&tl=1)
Zachary Zulock and William Zulock at a wedding.
(Zachary Zulock/Instagram)
Zachary allegedly told police in a recorded interview that the “routine” sexual abuse of their children was sent to “less than a dozen people.”
The men were also charged with soliciting two other men through social media to “perform an act of prostitution” on one of their children, the court documents state, adding that Hunter Clay Lawless, 27, and Luis Armando Vizcarro-Sanchez, 25, were both part of the prostitution ring.
![Zachary Zulock](https://my.grillocom.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Untitled-design-404.png?ve=1&tl=1)
Zachary Zulock
(Zachary Zulock/Instagram)
Lawless told police that he received “numerous” Snapchat messages from Zachary which allegedly said “f–king [his] son tonight,” telling him to “be prepared” to get images and “video documentation” of the sexual abuse, court documents state, adding that the men met on the gay hookup app Grindr.
![Zachary Zulock and William Zulock standing at a wedding.](https://my.grillocom.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Untitled-design-399.png?ve=1&tl=1)
Zachary Zulock and William Zulock standing at a wedding.
(Zachary Zulock/Instagram)
“I’m going to f–k my son tonight. Stand by,” Zachary messaged Lawless, according to prosecutors.
Lawless told police that he didn’t engage in sexual contact with the Zulock’s children but said that Zachary asked him to participate “multiple times.”
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![Zachary Zulock wearing a mask.](https://my.grillocom.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Untitled-design-402.png?ve=1&tl=1)
Zachary Zulock wearing a mask.
(Zachary Zulock/Instagram)
A folder titled “US” on Zachary’s phone was found by law enforcement and allegedly contained videos of his husband, William, participating in acts of sexual abuse on one of the children.
Included in the evidence collected by law enforcement are the 149 images, a text message from Lawless, a Snapchat letter, and Sexual Assault Nurse Examination results conducted on the children, court documents state.